Chinese night markets are a vibrant part of the country’s culture, where locals and tourists alike can enjoy an array of foods, games, and unique experiences. These bustling markets come to life after sunset, offering everything from savory dishes to sweet treats, each showcasing the region’s culinary traditions. Among the countless street food options available, night markets are especially known for their variety of snacks that tempt visitors with their bold flavors and unique textures.
This article will explore some of the most famous street snacks found in Chinese night markets, offering a deep dive into their origins, preparation methods, and why they continue to captivate people’s palates.
The Allure of Chinese Night Markets
Night markets in China have a long and rich history, dating back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD). These markets were originally designed to serve the late-night needs of traders, travelers, and locals, providing a variety of goods such as food, clothing, and household items. Over time, the night market has evolved into an entertainment hub, with food vendors taking center stage.
The charm of the Chinese night market lies in its atmosphere. Streets are lined with small stalls, each offering different dishes cooked in front of you. The air is filled with the aroma of sizzling meats, stir-fries, and sweet desserts, as vendors shout their specials to attract customers. Night markets are where you can try food that you might not find anywhere else, offering an authentic taste of regional cuisine.
What makes night markets special is the variety. Every region in China has its own street food specialties, influenced by local ingredients, flavors, and culinary techniques. From the salty, spicy dishes of the Sichuan region to the sweet, savory combinations in the southern provinces, the night market is a culinary adventure for the senses.
1. Chuanr (串儿) – Grilled Meat Skewers
A quintessential night market snack, chuanr (pronounced “chwar”) refers to skewered meats that are grilled over an open flame. These skewers are commonly made from lamb, chicken, or beef, and sometimes, seafood or vegetables are added to the mix. The meat is marinated in a blend of soy sauce, chili, garlic, cumin, and other spices, creating a smoky and spicy flavor profile.
The aroma of chuanr wafts through the streets, drawing in crowds. They are usually served with a side of flatbread or vegetables like onions and bell peppers, perfect for pairing with the spicy meat. Popular in cities like Xi’an and Lanzhou, chuanr are an essential snack in Chinese night markets, enjoyed by locals and visitors alike.
2. Jianbing (煎饼) – Chinese Crepes
Another popular street snack found in Chinese night markets is jianbing, a savory pancake filled with various ingredients. Originating from northern China, jianbing is made by spreading a thin layer of batter onto a hot griddle, adding an egg, and then topping it with a mixture of cilantro, green onions, and fried crackers.
Once cooked, the jianbing is folded and served with various fillings, including spicy chili paste, hoisin sauce, and meat (such as chicken or duck). The combination of crispy and soft textures, along with the mix of flavors, makes jianbing an irresistible choice for a quick snack. It’s especially popular for breakfast but is often sold late into the night at bustling markets in Beijing and Shanghai.
3. Xiaolongbao (小笼包) – Soup Dumplings
Xiaolongbao, also known as soup dumplings, are a type of dumpling filled with both meat and broth. These dumplings originated in Shanghai and are a favorite in night markets across China. The dough is thin and delicate, wrapped around a flavorful filling of pork, crab, or a combination of both. The key element of xiaolongbao is the broth, which is created by adding gelatinized stock to the filling. When steamed, the gelatin melts into soup, making the dumplings incredibly juicy.
The proper way to eat xiaolongbao is to take a small bite from the top, sip the hot soup inside, and then enjoy the rest of the dumpling. This treat is often served with ginger and vinegar for an extra burst of flavor. Xiaolongbao is a signature street food in Shanghai, but it has spread across many night markets in China.
4. Lu Rou Fan (卤肉饭) – Braised Pork Rice
Lu rou fan is a comforting dish that consists of braised pork served over rice. Originating in Taiwan, this dish is now popular across China, especially in night markets. The pork is slow-cooked with soy sauce, five-spice powder, star anise, ginger, and sugar, creating a rich, savory, and slightly sweet sauce that coats the tender meat.
Typically, lu rou fan is accompanied by pickled vegetables and a hard-boiled egg. The combination of soft rice, flavorful pork, and aromatic broth is a crowd-pleaser, making it a perfect dish to enjoy after a long day of exploring the night market.
5. Tanghulu (糖葫芦) – Candied Hawthorn Fruit
One of the most visually striking snacks in Chinese night markets is tanghulu, a traditional sweet treat made by skewering hawthorn berries and coating them in a hard sugar syrup. The sticky syrup hardens as it cools, giving the fruit a glossy, candy-like appearance.
Tanghulu has a satisfying balance of tartness from the hawthorn fruit and sweetness from the syrup. It’s particularly popular during the winter months, but it can be found year-round in many night markets across China. In some regions, vendors even offer other fruits like grapes, strawberries, or kiwi covered in sugar syrup.
6. Cong You Bing (葱油饼) – Scallion Pancakes
Cong you bing, or scallion pancakes, are savory, crispy, and flaky flatbreads filled with green onions and oil. The dough is rolled thin and then fried until golden brown, creating a crispy exterior while maintaining a soft and chewy interior. The pancakes are cut into wedges and served with soy sauce or vinegar for dipping.
Scallion pancakes are a popular street snack, especially in the northern and eastern parts of China. They’re commonly sold in night markets as a quick, affordable snack to enjoy while walking through the crowded streets.
7. Shengjianbao (生煎包) – Pan-Fried Soup Dumplings
Shengjianbao, similar to xiaolongbao, are another type of soup dumpling. However, instead of being steamed, they are pan-fried to achieve a crispy bottom while keeping the top soft and juicy. The filling usually consists of pork and broth, and when bitten into, the soup bursts out.
Popular in Shanghai and other eastern cities, shengjianbao has gained significant popularity in night markets for its satisfying texture and flavor. These dumplings are usually served hot and fresh, making them a perfect snack to grab and enjoy while exploring the vibrant market scenes.
8. Zongzi (粽子) – Sticky Rice Dumplings
Zongzi are sticky rice dumplings traditionally made during the Dragon Boat Festival but can be found year-round in night markets. The rice is wrapped in bamboo leaves and filled with a variety of ingredients such as pork, mushrooms, or beans. The dumplings are then steamed or boiled, allowing the rice to absorb the flavors of the filling.
The fragrant aroma of zongzi is unmistakable as vendors prepare them fresh. Whether you prefer savory or sweet fillings, zongzi is a hearty and satisfying treat perfect for late-night munching.
9. Liangpi (凉皮) – Cold Noodles
Liangpi is a cold noodle dish that is commonly found in northwest China, particularly in Xi’an. Made from wheat or rice flour, the noodles are chilled and then tossed with a spicy and tangy sauce made from chili oil, vinegar, garlic, and soy sauce. The noodles are often served with cucumber, bean sprouts, and sometimes meat.
Liangpi is a refreshing dish, especially during the summer months, providing a cool contrast to the spicy sauce. It’s a must-try snack for those looking to explore the flavors of the Shaanxi region.
10. Sliced Fruit with Chili Powder
For a lighter and refreshing snack, many night markets offer sliced fruit, such as pineapple, watermelon, mango, or papaya, sprinkled with a generous amount of chili powder and salt. This combination of sweet and spicy flavors is incredibly popular in Southern China, where the heat of the chili powder perfectly complements the sweetness of the fresh fruit.
Conclusion
Chinese night markets offer a rich tapestry of street food snacks that are as diverse and varied as the country itself. Each region has its own unique flavors and ingredients, which come together to create a dynamic culinary experience. Whether you’re craving spicy grilled meats, tender dumplings, or sweet treats, the vibrant
atmosphere of Chinese night markets and their delicious offerings are an essential part of the country’s food culture. For anyone looking to explore the world of Chinese street food, the night market is the perfect place to start.
